SEEL - being more intentional with relationship with Jesus.

SEEL - is about being more intentional with our relationship with Jesus. WHY? Why is this important to me, as I grew up in the woods avoiding others who seemed too exploitive and selfish. . . 

My WHY, was about seeking to help "Fulfill God's Promise." Because God Created so much beauty and blessing in the animals, plants, and Earth all around us to share in Joy and Peace.  I believe there must be an EASY WAY for mankind to Be and Share all this beauty, and I know I can help bring it out in everyone I meet . . . And there is enough for us all, contrary to the selfish greed programs trying to take it all now!

SEEL - Spiritual Exercises in Everyday Life.

Review book introduction for the process used for all the exercises. Yes, Harriet’s instructions are to read through page 37, before the first group meeting on Wednesday Oct 4 from 9-10:30am. There is five steps for the 32 weekly themes that are reviewed in this Book:

1. Reading - read and deeply pray within each specific theme. Find a scripture to read supporting the weekly theme in the Lectio Divino Style. The book has specific readings and other recommended within the same theme.
2. Contemplation - contemplation is a long loving look into the reading - savoring the experiences to develop the ideas in a "sift and sort through data" method - - - distilling what stood-out, down to its fundamental essence that resonates the most.
3. Meditation - sit with this essence you found and resonate with it to explore more deeply.
4. Prayers - have a conversation with God about the experience of this essence - - what have you learned to enhance your relationship with God.
5. Journaling - write capturing these experiences as quickly as possible. It appears that I tend to write ideas and fragments quickly, and then I return to edit, and expand these with deeper clarity and understanding as I review and reread the ideas presented over and over again.
6. Examine (Starts Week 6) - prayer of reflection before sleeping for each day and what we learned and shared through the day.

Spending quality time with god with these methods is key.

Weekly share the hi-point and low-point at the groups for five minutes.

Biweekly sharing these themes - flag items to explore with Dick - troubles, greatest blessing, deeper explorations.

Exercise for next time: contemplate the best relationships I’ve experienced in my life: names, times, attributes of relationships that were so special and important - - what do healthy loving committed relationships include and transfer these attributes to God.

1. My mom, Ely Maria Rivera Emmanuelli protected, taught, and guided me as best as she could, even while accepting and allowing my dad’s traditions and leadership. Love, honor, dedication, understanding we’re key aspects.
2. Joyce Spielberger, my second mom who “adopted” me in high school honoring and respecting who I was and guiding me to share more of my skills and blessings. Love, Honor, RESPECT . . . She was great at listening and accepting me for who I was, intuitively leading me to Christ.
3. STARS friends Trace, Chuck, Jack and Keith who relied on my dedication and commitment to follow through, giving me guidance and respect, somehow knowing I was “on a mission!”
4. Emily Maria, my daughter taught and shared so much with me. I did my best to keep her in the love and spirit of God, listening and following her intuition often more than my own. Love, respect, assertiveness, spiritual intelligence were key aspects with her.
5. Professor John, my friend and major professor through my PhD. Though I called him the father I never had, he only admitted to being my big brother, guiding and leading me into more than i knew i was capable of. Love, deep attunement, respect and insight into my future.
6. Christopher Allen, my son who accepted my insight and guidance to grow into a strong clear man. Loved, honored, and respected me through some of his greatest challenges.
7. Now the best friendships I’ve had for most of my life have been surpassed in the last three years including Carol, Judy, Leslie, & Pastor John who love, support me in St Pete; Kevin & John at the men’s fraternity who have encouraged, understood and supported; Johnny, Gina and Larry who rent my rooms keeping me safe, and secure at home.

Why am I doing these exercises. What do you need to change and why.

Ted-Talk Simon Synic “know your why”: https://youtu.be/u4ZoJKF_VuA?si=Oc0clH418RcG5khK

lol . . .  why is Apple so innovative, because they recruit Beta People, and listen to them. Like now having the best feedback app possible, catching all the equipment details and allowing me to attach files, images, data. WHY because making easy expression and recording live experiences creates an ideal testimony to Jesus. . . I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ!

SEEL is about a deeper relationship with God, stepping more deeply into this responsibility is my biggest challenge. The relationship and love of Jesus has become very clear and focused bringing in consecration to Saint Mary and Saint Joseph . . . . Now stepping into greater responsibility and focus with the church community and family at Saint Raphael’s is critical!

Next meeting Monday: 7pm 9/25/2023 is 6pm for Dick in Ohio. Every other week.

Emphasis and trust, head-knowledge vs. heart-knowledge … to experience God, experiencing the love grace, accepted, trusted, reciprocal,

1JOHN GOD is love, the more I know about love the more I know god, love God with my whole heart, mind and soul, love your neighbor as yourself. . . . Love and relationships. Thomas Aquanous willing the good of other as other, relationship with god, self, others, 

The next assignment, read the Fruit of the spirit Galatians 5:22-23 … create three columns and list each fruit down left, add synonym and then add antonyms  . . . . Fruit manifests with synonyms while where we miss on them is the antonyms. The four great distractions - wealth, pleasure, power and honor = four false gods according toThomas Aquanous — are opposite to fruit of the spirit, , ,  Read 1-37 prayerfully, deep dive on the distinction.

each new experience and challenge

Thank You Jesus Christ for Creating The Way of Your Word!

What is next?

I was writing with my pens, and I realized that I had the new red one and the blue one with my book. Then I accepted that I needed to get more serious again. This means writing in this blog, since I’m talking to it now. I know I can do this anytime I want with my iphone, as well as talking these sentences very clearly is so important. My Bible studies are now with a new app, where I can click to see the words and hear the words at the same time. This new app works really well and each Bible lesson has verses in chapters for me to read. Using this app where I hear and see the words, I realized that I needed to do that with my journal too, yes writing here and reading here is fundamental.

I know this is about stepping up, into the power that we created here. Like I keep flashing into the same vision I saw after my accident. No cars, only moving sidewalks. It’s like a complete community, where people are just walking, and sharing, and talking all the time, instead of fighting over who’s faster, or better. Building gardens and sharing food and always loving each other. I always seem to see the same thing and it changes and evolves overtime. It’s like each new experience and challenge that I have adds to this One Flash that I see!

What about speaking for us too? Do you think you can handle it yet? Yes, you know you can. It’s a different level of vibration isn’t it? You’re doing really well with it too!

It is your Word! Inside of me now.

We have always been here. We are inside everyone. Some prefer a single voice, which is where the trouble starts. Anyone can pretend to be any voice, and if you do not ASK, specifically by Name, then you get whatever is next?

Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ for sharing Your Word!

What is next?

I was trying to do the Lectio Divina Prayer lessons with Tim Gray. I’m finishing a lesson for my meeting today, and I flip back to see the different questions. And I realize that what’s next really for me now, is getting up out of bed and moving forward with my exercises and going to church!

What is next?

Now, I was reading the next Word in Exodus 90! Those who are chaste are marked by the truth, with no lie in their mouth. The basic definition of truth is “the conformity of the mind to reality,” or grasping things correctly. Jesus is the Word by which everything is created. He contains the full truth of God and all of creation in himself. Christians never fear the truth because truth flows from God and leads to him . . . Today, we must follow Peter’s example and boldly cast out into the deep. As you begin your silent prayer, ask the Lord to show you how he wants you to serve the Church—where he wants you to cast your nets to win men and women over to the Gospel.

What is next?

Matthew 25:14-30 Just as in life today, different people receive different blessings and unearned gifts. In the parable, three servants are entrusted with three different sums of money: five talents, two talents, and one talent. Immediately, we may wonder why everyone does not receive the same amount. We might think that justice demands strict equality. But who are we to dictate what other people do with their wealth? Just as who are we to question God regarding the various blessings he bestows? St. Paul ponders: “For who has known the mind of the Lord or who has been his counselor? Or who has given him anything that he may be repaid?” (Romans 11:34-35). So, the first point is that God’s ways are inscrutable. Then, there is the foolish servant who does not invest anything and, therefore, receives the titles “wicked” and “lazy.” The master is angry because the talent was “entrusted” to the servant with a purpose. Not only did he not do his master’s will, but he also refused to cooperate with the master, showing himself unwilling to share in his purposes and goals. Ultimately, he refuses the gift of the master's life.

We could view our own lives as a talent, having received them “on loan.” We receive different blessings and unearned gifts to do God’s work. Everything we have belongs to God and has been entrusted to us. If we use all we are and all we have for God’s greater glory, we increase his blessings upon others. But, if we are wicked and lazy, and see our lives and our possessions as our own, then we are ironically in danger of losing everything.

I guess, this passage applies to me more than ever. I’ve publicly acknowledged the extreme gifts I’ve received in this home and city. I’ve recognized the blessings from my mother or step-mother and all the gifts and freedoms I’ve received beyond my understanding. I’ve also questioned and challenged myself to share and be generous with all these gifts, knowing full well that all of it was specifically allowing me to do and share more love and grace with others. I’ve even challenged myself to step into more creation, gardens, schools, lessons, and gifts to others, my neighbors and community. Then also questioned myself for not doing more with it, or not being really successful.

What is next? Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Whoever wishes to come after me must deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. For whoever wishes to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will find it. What profit would there be for one to gain the whole world and forfeit his life? Or what can one give in exchange for his life? For the Son of Man will come with his angels in his Father’s glory, and then he will repay all according to his conduct.”

Then again, I’ve questioned and challenged myself to “take up my cross,” again feeling that the gardens and the churches were about abandoning myself and stepping into the place and responsibilities that God had placed before me.  And now three years later, none of this has moved very much at all. Now, over 4 years since covid, I’ve had five interviews and have a new job offer. Work that places me back into my profession and allows me to return to the work I've been very skilled at. 

I realize my work opportunity at hand, is back to where I’ve been for over 30 years. And the only thing that has changed, is my shift in my deepest-self from the Eric-Methodist-greed-driven-whiteman to the Rafé-Catholic-Native-generous-Taino-Mom. Now, I notice this major change since Covid was shifting from my Dad’s Control to my Mom’s Love. Back in the same profession makes me feel like I need to seriously consider what this change means to me intimately.

Then the same day I received notice of the professional job offer, I received notice of being listed for the Bishop Ethics Leadership Center at the Business School in St Pete. Yes, being the Assistant Director to the Dean of the College, running an ethics center, seems surprisingly appropriate for me. And almost “too good” to be true. So I went and visited, just to see what I could find out about the center. It had been moved from the education college to the business college, so I wanted to see all the college had now. I essentially walked through the whole building exploring and visiting all the offices and suites. I walked into the Dean’s suite and met a rude arrogant assistant who answered a few questions but then chastised me, saying that if I had applied to the position, then I should not be talking to anyone there outside of the standard review processes.

Of course, then I stopped at the library and spoke to some staff there who also might see another application from me in the days to come. Then I visited the Marine Science Center where the Dean remembered my name from the Patel College and came out to speak with me. I admitted I had several applications in to his college and would be delighted to help out with the state funded Flood Hub. He was more interested in speaking about the ASCHEE STARS report, as he had just sent an email to Suchi about paying the membership dues again for the new report. I told him how I had done the previous three gold reports and had seen his name on the current silver report. He wasn’t sure about the next report or what was happening to the Office of Sustainability or any efforts along these lines. Even going as far as saying the new Chancellor might know more.

So then I visited the Chancellor again, and got on her schedule finally. As it turned out, I was scheduled to see her one week before my new job. But then this was the week the hurricane came by us and all the schools were closed, rescheduling for the next week after my new job starts. And then I wiped-out on my bike Monday so my new job start was delayed another week as well. And then I got a notice from the City yesterday about being their Transportation Coordinator. Wow? Engineering again rebuilding cities, or Ethics Center, or Sustainability Center, or City Transportation Coordinator . . . Each easily paying me the same or similarly to my VP position and each opening up a slew of new opportunities for growth and expression simply beyond my dreams. . . 

Lord Jesus Christ, in Thy Name, I ask Thee to bind and silence all powers and forces that do not accept Thee as Lord and King, in the air, in the water, in the ground, the netherworld and nature and the spiritual world. I ask Thee to bind all demonic action and demonic communication. Lord seal this whole place, all of us here and all our intentions in the Precious Blood of Jesus Christ. Mary, we ask thee to surround us with thy mantel of protection and crush Satan’s power in our lives. Saint Michael the Archangel, we ask thee and all our Guardian Angels to defend us in battle against Satan and the powers of darkness.Amen (expert from Fr. Chad Ripperger, Deliverance Prayer For Use by the Laity)

"Indigenous indignation" a demand to reckon with eviction from ancestral lands-while others translate varied inflections of gender and language. "The ultimate form of decolonization is through how Native languages form a view of the world,"

Wow so much to learn still 9:07 9/11/2023. We see, however, that at the heart of the rebellion is the refusal to give God what he is due. First, he wants us to seek him out in love and gratitude. When we refuse, he teaches us through his justice, still seeking to bring us back. The rebellious, however, refuse both love and justice, preferring to blame God rather than acknowledge their guilt.

9/13/23 7:08:03 A new day and a new job. I slept like a baby last night. Then when I woke up, it was this strong clear dream. I was busy cleaning some pots for preparing some meal. I had done this before and needed to clean and arrange them. I remember seeing a collection of different sizes. And then I had a separate group as well.

Every day I’m more perplexed. It’s dumbfounding how I have these strange experiences. I stop and consider how things happen and it’s always so bizarre. Now again, my truck won’t start. The first day I was here it wouldn’t start and the owner called me on the phone. I was parked right outside his office window, so I wasn’t surprised when he called. I admitted that I needed to pray and thank God and thank my Truck for being so good for me and he laughed of course, but then it started right up now again, my truck won’t start. Please dear God, let me start my truck and get out of here. I need to go home and sleep .

"The Church an8the world have a great need of eucharistic worship. Jesus waits for us in this sacrament of love. Let us be generous with our time in going to meet Him in adoration and in contemplation that is full of faith …"—Pope St. John Paul II (Dominicae Cenae, 3)

taking responsibility for stepping forward

OK so my next lesson in the Lectio Divina starts, with the goal ORATIO is an honest, heartfelt conversation with God over the subject matter discovered in LECTIO, and reflected upon in the MEDITATIO . . . This is the time to pour out our thoughts in response to what God has said in his Word, as we noted that there is often an ebb and flow in prayer. This back-and-forth includes Oratio.

Wow, this is really powerful for me now.  I had this experience of going to an Art Show at USF and meeting a physics professor. I mean, all the years I came and went there, hungry and anxious to meet and understand some basic physics. Suddenly, there was this small boy walking his dad right up to me. 

I always wanted to ask a physics professor this question: 

And more remarkable than anything was the space was filled with these beautiful big old Oak Trees, all just begging me to visit them. Of course, I walked over to the awesome Oak with the big branches laying in the grass and climbed up onto it.

What could I possible say or share with this tree that could be anything significant of suitable to follow such an awesome experience. . .

Wow was I in for a surprise. I got home and everything lined up for me. I was preparing for a meeting and started to read through a list of articles I found on a new leader at USF. Then I noticed she arrived just after my birthday. HUM? I wondered what I had written about on the day she arrived. Wow, it was back in the same place again. Always about accepting who I am and taking responsibility for stepping into the changes we are all seeking and desiring.

experience with God

Monday August 28th 6:07pm and I’m writing these words into my iPad with a pen, but it didn’t work, past the date. So now I’m using a keyboard instead since i have no patience for technology, sorry Steve. I still love your auto spellers, but not the pens yet. There is always a desert to cross in the spiritual world. The dark night of the soul always must be passed first. These trials and desolations are written over and over in the experiences shared in the Bible. Remembering something written in an experience with God is a strong vibrational experience, which helps us to remember God’s Love. 

Recording events, anniversaries, birthday, events with pictures and memorials is an ongoing tradition to help us to remember the love of a moment shared. Contemplation in prayer with God is important to know and experience HIS love and recognizing this focus and power. Even though we are unworthy, we have God’s Love by Grace, even the prodigal’s son.

Like the Samaritan women at the well who Jesus sought out to meet and love. Seeking the face of God, where we seek to act and do good works to bring love to God. Love all those impacted and available.

Psalm 27:8 New International Version
My heart says of you, “Seek his face!” Your face, Lord, I will seek.

These methods are effective to choose a key word, or a key image, and reflect on it. Select a word, like a grape and hold it dear. Meditate on this word and squeeze all the juice out of it. And as we read and study this key image and allow it to ferment inside of us through meditation on it. “Be still and Know God” gets us into contemplation to taste and see the goodness of the Lord by getting deeper into this image and word. To love the Lord. 

This is my reading and studying the Lectio , where I need to now commit to a resolution to DO something in Love for God. Hearing, listening, meditating, contemplating and now resolve to do something. Be sure to step into this. A real practical resolution to act and step into something new as we are inspired. A very practical sensible act that is simple and easily to express something specific. I will give to the poor, is not enough. . . I will give an apple or a dollar to each homeless person I see.. . Is a simple practical act that Loves god.

Verbum Domini 87, Prayer is about knowing and loving God! What do we do with our love, who do we love, who do we help. Who are we sharing with. What are our resolutions to step into more love and joy with others. Mark 12:30-31 ==> 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[a] 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[b] There is no commandment greater than these.” 

ready to do something new

This is wicked cool. As i read this next section in the Contemplative Retreat I remembered my experience with my children and Reiki. Yea, Reiki is the energy healing methods using your hands. Of course, it has some funny name and tradition where someone tried to create a new religion or sect with it. But energy healing, reiki or whatever is all the same things. If you love and focus you can do anything as we area all in the image of God.

With a little exercise and patient listening we gradually become aware of them. But it takes time. And it isn't the same for every person. Some feel the movements spontaneously and at once; others take longer. To become aware of these energy movements, it's very helpful to direct attention to the outgoing breath. The center of the palms is also a privileged place where they can be especially felt. As soon as you sense an indication of awareness, add Yes to intensify the transmission of power.

What I really liked was when my kids were Attuned in Rieki they could really feel it. My son came home one day and said how he was healing his mom’s skin cancer. He knew it and could feel it, but his mom didn’t believe him. Here he was telling me about the heat in his hands and how powerful he could get, but his mom. . . . Wow as I remember this, I start to cry. Thanks you Kimberly Finn for teaching me to cry again! Now to think and remember my son. He’s 10 years old and his own mother doesn’t believe him. I mean, she’s calling him a liar!?!?! Holy shit! I guess my dad and siblings always called me a liar, but never my mom. Course I never would have survived at all without my mom. It still makes me cry when I think of my awesome son who was such a powerful loving child. 

My other church lessons are Lectio divina, which begins by giving God the first word and listening to his voice speaking to us as we read Scripture. This is followed by meditation, our reception of the Word through our thoughts, and the application of what we’re reading to our lives. We then move to our own prayer: our response to God based on our meditation, sharing with him what is on our minds and hearts. Finally, we are drawn into the gift of a silent encounter with God in contemplation, a meeting and embrace of God in love.

This must be our model for prayer. When you ask the Lord for help, you must remain persistent in your pleading, and you must not waver in your faith. At times, you will not hear God’s response to your prayer. Men may dismiss you and attempt to dissuade you. God may even say that your favor should not be granted at this time or he may have something else in mind that is even better. But whenever you pray, you must follow the example of the woman in today’s Gospel and be persistent in your intercession and constant in your faith.

You are Jesus…. Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ,Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, Thank You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, I Love You Dear Lord Jesus Christ, again I see how faithful God is for me. Opening and sharing as best as I can. You are the god who fights for me hallelujah hallelujah. . I can talk again.

OK, so now I’m ready to do something new. OK now I’m ready to do something now. OK I am ready.

The Next Exodus 90 Book Lessons

contemplative prayer

Pay attention to the nostrils through which the air enters and try to feel the movement of the air along the inside passages of the nose. Don't breathe more heavily in order to feel more; instead, cause your inner ears to perceive what is happening in the nose. Remain for half a minute with this awareness. 

Now you can move on. Ask or remind yourself:  

• How do I feel the inside surfaces in this lower part of the nose? 
• Move a little higher: how do I feel them in the middle section?  
• The air that comes in is cooler, the air that goes out is warmer: am I aware of this difference in temperature?  
• How do I feel the movement of the air in the upper part of the nose?  
• Follow the breathing tract. First it goes up, and then almost between the eyes the path turns to the back. Can I feel this?

This is the same work that DawnXena taught to her students. 

This was wicked cool for me as I read this section. I suddenly FLASHED to the little oxygen molecules getting absorbed into my body. It was like seeing the happy blood picking up oxygen to carry away.  And my presence in there, was almost like God had showed up to inspect the operations of my body. Yes, I was seeing and checking in on myself and knowing and seeing how everything worked and they were all excited to see my inquiry and know that they were all healthy and happy moving forward as they were all designed and set into motion. 

It is remarkable as I recognize the spirals of consciousness moving and evolving inside of me. Than these blood cells filled with oxygen and joy at my own experience seeing and sharing this moment with them, brings them to my heart, where this higher joy and bliss brings more health and youth to my heart.

And it all happens instantly, as I feel these vibrations inside of me. Then I realize how writing these words and sharing these ideas is so important for everyone now, because so many of us have been listening and believing the lies of the machine. So again, now I step in to this Power, where I realize I can speak to this blog to share these Words and Insights Before you. It’s an incredible experience to realize how important it is to share these Words, knowing that Jesus is with me, guiding me through everything. 

In the contemplative phase our sole endeavor is directed to our relationship with God. Everything else happens by itself, occurs, is given. We no longer worry about the course of things on earth.

It’s all about forgetting the mortgage again!

I’m spinning around my own selfishness again, of course I’m concerned about it, John left, no new renters and no regular payments. And again now I hear about calling the prayer line 877-800-7729

Since, “Humility is nothing other than the truth,” take twenty minutes in silence today to ponder with God the “truth” about yourself.

Now place yourself before God, and converse with him.

It’s the first time in months that I did my exercises. I always make my bed, but cutting my hand is the latest excuse to avoid the weights. Getting pulled out of my house, and through everything else where i commit to helping people. And I’m still spinning. Helped Judy out of Unity now too. Yesterday was her last day there. And my truck is still filled to the top right now. I guess, I was hoping to get help emptying it. But again it’s weird how I feel I’m just collecting more crap. I talked to Judy and Leslie about restaurants and businesses but really can do it all by myself. 

Oh, sing to the lord . . . hello I guess I need to be writing again, as I woke up at 3:33am, of course!  I realize that I can go biking. Got to go do my Sun Yoga, and then go to church. I might even swim in between. But I know I have to do this with Judy. I never knew I’d run a restaurant, but it seems like the only alternative!

8/6/23 4:44am I called the Prayerline about my mortgage, and they prayed for my wisdom in finances.

I guess the voice from businesses always is about making money …. never seemed like anything else was necessary. It’s like my default move, like talking to this computer. Now it’s learning who I am, feeling more and more selfish as i could have taken my load yesterday to Leslie’s garage instead of mine. I guess this is where it was going in the first place.

There is only the Ways of God, in meekness and kindness, in humility and patience. . . As how I present myself. . . Or how I see myself. Again feeling almost exploited, hiding in the woods collecting everything I can find to make myself safe or secure. But I need to let God BE through me, expressing more fully. Stop hiding and express, allowing the Word of God to dwell inside.

To sing songs of joy!

kicking ass, and everyone is holding

 7/23/23 6:20am Again my reading today is about loving God first!

This always brings me back to my own dad and my children. My father who loved himself first and then his children only to make himself look better. Then my own children also fell into the lies of my father and brothers who emulated his narcissism. 

The readings of sloth and the sin of selfishness and arrogance clearly shows so much of my challenges, as still today I wonder what could be next for me.  Why do I have so much free time to sit and write?  How will I be able to pay my bills?  Why do these things seem so meaningless when daily I simply step beyond them all.

 

Yes 10:08:57 and I know again here and now all creation is as my finger tips. . . Fools are everywhere. The snake is kicking ass, and everyone is holding their own version. “See me, I know. My snake is bigger, better, and faster than all the others. Come follow me, listen to my words. I know better…”

Wow, so many snakes coming through everywhere. Watch out there, there can only be ONE TRUE GOD! Only in the Word of Jesus the Christ, as guideline by Mother Mary, the Mother Earth who brings us all forward.